Essay on My Summer Vacation - 653 Words

When I was ten years old my Father took me to Universal Studios in Orlando Florida during summer vacation. It is one of the most memorable experiences of my life. It was my first time on an airplane, so I was a little nervous. It felt like forever while we sat in the plane waiting to take off. Finally, I heard the pilot say â€Å"prepare for take off.† I’ll admit I was a little scared, but as the plane lifted off the runway, I was ok. The plane ride there was three hours long. It was a little bumpy, but other then that, everything went well. We landed in Orlando. The airport was gigantic. After walking for a while, we found the baggage claim. It took us a while to find all of our suitcases. We rented a car and drove to my†¦show more content†¦My cousin Audrey saw how many times it went upside-down and decided not go on. Brandon and I made fun of her, but once I was strapped to my seat, I was having second thoughts myself. We took off in what felt like a fractio n of a second. Before I knew it, I was being whipped around sharp turns and flipped around loops. It was so much fun! When we got off and walked toward the exit, we saw a wall of television screens, which was showing candid shots of us on the ride. We both looked terrified. It was hilarious. My mom still has the picture. We went on a few more rides and then stopped to get something to eat. Now it was my turn to pick a ride. We walked to one called Dr. Dooms Fear Fall. We sat down in a row of four, with our legs dangling. After a few minutes, the voice of Dr. Doom was heard. I don’t remember exactly what he said, but I do remember him saying â€Å" Prepare to Die!† All of a sudden we shot up 150 feet into the air and then pushed back down faster then gravity. We thought it was over, but it shot us up again. It was a very exhilarating experience. The day was coming to an end. Audrey picked the last ride. She chose the Dueling Dragons. It was a double track, near-miss rol ler coaster. You had a choice between fire and ice. My Dad and I chose fire, and My Uncle Joe, Brandon and Audrey chose ice. We started off fast, going down a straightaway, heading right for each other. Then both coasters tore up with a series of twists,Show MoreRelatedMy Summer Vacation At Toronto1538 Words   |  7 PagesTwo summers ago in 2014 I took my annual summer vacation to Toronto. I spent two months with my aunt, uncle, and cousins. Around that time everyone had the World Cup fever, rooting for their country or other countries. For much of the beginning of my stay I sequestered myself in my room surrounded only by my electronic companions. By mid-July I adapted to a daily routine of afternoon wake up, brunch, and returning back to my room to scroll through Instagram and check my Snapchat. Occasionally I wouldRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Summer Vacation1264 Words   |  6 PagesBetween my sophomore and junior years at college, a chance came up for me to spend the summer vacation working on a ranch in Argentina. My roommate’s father was in the cattle business, and he wanted Ted to see something of it. Ted said he would go if he could take a friend, and he chose me. The idea of spending two months on the fabled Argentine Pampas was exciting. Then I began having second thoughts. I had never been very far from New England, and I had been homesick my first few weeks at collegeRead Moremy favorite summer vacation getaways918 Words   |  4 Pages Have you ever been on a vacation outside of the United States? Vacations can be very enjoyable, fun, and memorable. There are many different vacation destinations that attract visitors and tourists today. Two of my favorite vacations were during the summer months following my completion of fifth and sixth grade. When I was in fifth grade, our family vacationed at the Atlantis Resort in the Bahamas. We went to Wildwood Crest, New Jersey the following year after I completed sixth gradeRead MoreMy First Day Of Summer Vacation1906 Words   |  8 Pagesschool and I was very excited because after school, we also had our first day of summer vacation.When school ended my dad came and picked me up,we had to get ready quick we had to leave In two hours. I ate lunch and it was delicious, When I was done I speeded to my bathroom and took a shower in one flash. When It was time I said good-bye to my mom and my siblings,sadly they couldn’t go .We went to Chicago first because my godfather was gonna drive. When we got to Chicago we slept there for one day andRead MoreShould School Go Year Round? Essay1471 Words   |  6 Pages During the school year, there is one thing that will always be on every child’s mind: How far away is summer vacation. We all experienced this as children, and it kept us focused on getting through the school year so we did not need to go to summer school. For many students they looked forward to all of the amazing things they can do in the summer with their friends and family. A struggle with education for a long time is having kids not forget the information that they learned during the schoolRead More My Summer Vacation in Florida Essay1288 Words   |  6 PagesHave you ever been on a vacation? To me a vacation is a time to be with friends or family. When I think of vacations, I think of packing, the flight or drive, and relaxation. Not only is it very exciting to go on a vacation, but you get closer to the people that go with you. Linda, my best friends mom had asked me if I would want to go with their family to Florida. When she asked me I thought she was kidding, but when she said, I need to know because if you are I need to get you a airplane ticketRead MoreDescriptive Essay : My Summer Vacation866 Words   |  4 PagesSummer Trip Going to the coast is so exciting! This last summer I went to Cresent City and Eureka, California and had a good time. All though there was a lot of people in a suburban and it was very crammed. In the car there was me, my dad, stepmom, my sister Brenda, her fiance, and five of my other little siblings. It was one long ride to our first destination, Crescent City. â€Å"How much longer?† I asked my dad. â€Å"About two more hours, we are about to stop and get drinks.† he exclaimed, â€Å"WhatRead MoreHow I Will Spend My Summer Vacation615 Words   |  2 PagesHow I will Spend My Summer Vacation There is an old proverb that goes, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. I agree. For me, the summer vacation will provide me with a rare opportunity to take a well-deserved rest after a year of hard work. Last summer, I chose to engage in activities that would help me relax my mind and recoup not only my health but also my vitality. This summer will be no different. Towards this end, I plan to tour a number of amazing locations, read at least two interestingRead MoreYear Round Schooling Should Be A Positive Change1231 Words   |  5 PagesYear Round Schooling Could be a Positive Change Summer vacation. For most children and teens, the phrase conjures up images of hot, sunny days and vacations with the whole family to far-off places. We all envision lazy afternoons relaxing on the beach, playing in water parks, and going on picnics. But what happens when summer ends and the reality of another year of school sinks in? A large portion of the knowledge gained during the last school year is lost over the long idle months and must beRead MoreDescriptive Essay About My Summer Vacation1300 Words   |  6 Pagesyear in fourth grade, and my family and I were excited to start our summer vacation. As we pulled our trailer on the southbound I-5 freeway towards San Diego, I could see the temperature gauge on my father’s truck slowly dropping to the mid 70’s. We were in a packed car with my father, mother, older brother,younger sister, snacks and drinks everywhere, and me, entranced by the game on my brand new iPod that I recently received on my birthday. I had gone on camping trips my whole life so I was thrilled

Assessment Base Reading Instruciton Case Study - 761 Words

Tier II Case Study Project by ED5553 – Assessment-Based Reading Instruction Winter, 2012 Table of Contents Introduction Description of the Student Background Information PART 1: Administration of Assessments DIBELS: A Universal Assessment Battery Description and Purpose of the Assessment Setting for the Assessment Description of the Assessment Administration Process Results of the Assessment Analysis of the Assessment Results Running Records Description and Purpose of the Assessment The running record allows you to record the child’s reading behavior as he or she reads from the book. The purpose of a running record is a tool used to determine word recognition†¦show more content†¦Place a check mark above each word that is read correctly. If the child reads incorrectly, record above the word what the child reads. If the child is reading too fast for you to record the running record, ask him or her to pause until you catch up. Intervene as little as possible while the child is reading. If the child is stuck and unable to continue, wait 5 to10 seconds and tell him or her the word. If the child seems confused, indicate the point of confusion and say, â€Å"Try again.† Results of the Assessment Student read 156 words at 98% accuracy. She had 3 errors and 2 self corrects. She missed boredom, I told her the word. She changed plan for idea, setting, characters, and beginning. She had trouble with middle and end. She did know the main idea but could not list supporting details. I would move this student to a higher level text. This text was easy for the student. Analysis of the Assessment Results Student read 156 words at 98% accuracy. She had 3 errors and 2 self corrects. She missed boredom, I told her the word. She changed plan for idea, setting, characters, and beginning. She had trouble with middle and end. She did know the main idea but could not list supporting details. This student needs practice in retelling story in sequence. She had issues with middle and end. I think she was going for a fluency score and read too fast. She had problems orally retelling middle and end. This level

Demographics of Drones free essay sample

In the united States alone, approximately 50 companies, universities, and government organizations are developing and producing over 155 unmanned aircraft designs. The Department of Homeland uses Drones to lice the nations borders to deter unlawful border crossing by unauthorized aliens. Criminal and terrorist and to detect and interdict the smuggling of weapons and drugs. Customs and Border Protection uses them to patrol along the US/Mexican border. Drones have a number of benefits for Law enforcement agencies.Law enforcement agencies consider drones an Inexpensive way to get better situational awareness during dangerous operations, such as drug busts and hostage situations, can enter environments that are dangerous to human life Firefighters are also investigating drones and how they may help them scout wildfires, identify hard-to- octet hotshots, or find trapped people in areas that helicopters cant reach. Some police departments are testing them for uses such as photographing accident sites and finding criminal suspects. The uses of drones are very efficient. First of all they are cost benefit.Drones themselves are much cheaper than helicopters or other aircraft, plus they cost much less to operate per hour than do other aircraft. Unmanned aircraft will make certain activities easier, safer, more efficient, and more cost effective. Secondly drones will take significant danger away from law enforcement officials who put their lives at risk every day. With the risk of danger officers can function much more normally than having to worry about the dangers that come with the Job as much. Finally, they are effective in tracking down illegal activity and can carry our dangerous surveillance tasks.Drones can help the law enforcement agencies out In a multitude of ways. They can help monitor a heavy crown situation. They can go in locations that helicopters or other vehicles cannot go when searching for something or someone. With a drone it can definitely extend the existing capabilities of law enforcement agencies. Law enforcement authorities say drones can be a cost- effective technology to help with a host of policing efforts, Like locating bombs, flung lost children, monitoring weather and wildlife or assisting rescue workers in natural disasters. The FAA sends out Certificates of Authorizations (Coos) to fly unmanned aircraft. Since January 2012, according to congressional testimony presented the Federal Aviation Administration has authorized 106 federal, state and local government entities to fly drones, within U. S. Certificate of Waiver or Authorization (COCA); private sector entities must apply for special airworthiness certificates in the experimental category. Such as NASA, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other federal agencies, police departments and universities can apply for these certificates of authorization. The rule announced today calls for agencies to first show they can operate a drone before getting an FAA permit.Drones must fly within 400 feet of the ground, remain in sight of the operator and stay clear of airports, unless they have received permission from the Federal Aviation Administration. Police, fire and similar departments will be able to fly drones weighing as much as 25 pounds. When the FAA issues out authorizations out, he FAA requires the drone operators to be licensed pilots in manned aircraft. This is because the person operating the drones needs experience in flying. They must also receive training in the drone they will be flying.The sensor operators do not need- manned aircraft certificates; Just training in the environment the (drone) will be flying and the equipment itself. When regulating the use the use of drones only the FAA regulate the use of drones. The Federal Aviation Administration authorizes military and non-military (academic institutions; federal, state, and local governments including law enforcement entities; and private sector entities) USA operations on a limited basis after conducting a case-by-case safety review, It is clear that drones are useful for surveillance and law enforcement while creating significant concerns over privacy rights.Opponents of drone surveillance have complained that the use of unmanned aircraft on America n soil infringes upon fundamental privacy interest and the ability to freely associate with others. Many say that drone violate the privacy rights that are in the Fourth Amendment. However some still feel that drones are beneficial when used correctly. Lawmakers in at least 11 states are proposing various restrictions on the use of drones The city of Charlottesville, Va. , passed a two-year moratorium and police officers are prohibited from using in criminal cases any evidence obtained by drones.In Florida, a pending bill will require the police to get a warrant to use drones in an investigation; a Virginia statewide moratorium on drones passed both houses. International Association of Chiefs of Police has guidelines for law enforcement agencies to use drones. The ICP has created recommended guidelines for the use of unmanned aircraft and I have attached it to this paper. The highlights of the guidelines are Equipping the aircraft with weapons of any type is strongly discouraged, and drones equipped with cameras or other sensors is strongly discouraged due to concerns over reliability and safety.As of right now the state of Mississippi has no recorded use of drones. However I feel that the Mississippi Department of Public Safety would be a great program to have the use of a drone. Mississippi Department of Public Safety encompasses the Highway Patrol and Bureau of Investigation, which are vital aspects in the law enforcement field in this state. Drones can be very beneficial to these law enforcement agencies. Drones can be used in the Highway patrol department in assessing car accident or routine traffic problems that occur on interstates.With the Bureau of Investigation, drones can help find clues about murder or robbery cases. Also can help out in missing person cases and fires that were suspected of arson. These law enforcement agencies can greatly benefit from the use of drone if the drones are used correctly. In conclusion the use of drones should be greatly considered as long as laws are in placed to help control them. The law enforcement agencies can really use the drones to speed up and actually account for hints involved in a crime.Guidelines should be in place for drones so that they would not interfere so much with the constitutional rights that citizens are given. Recommended Guidelines for the use of Unmanned Aircraft BACKGROUND: Rapid advances in technology have led to the development and increased use of unmanned aircraft. That technology is now making its way into the hands of law enforcement officers nationwide. We also live in a culture that is extremely sensitive to the idea of preventing unnecessary government intrusion into any facet of our lives. Personal rights are cherished and legally protected by the Constitution.Despite their proven effectiveness, concerns about privacy threaten to overshadow the benefits this technology promises to bring to public safety. From enhanced officer safety by exposing unseen dangers, to finding those most vulnerable who may have wandered away from their caregivers, the potential benefits are irrefutable. However, privacy concerns are an issue that must be dealt with effectively if a law enforcement agency expects the public to support the use of AU by their police. The Aviation Committee has been involved in the development of unmanned aircraft policy and regulations for several years. TheCommittee recommends the following guidelines for use by any law enforcement agency contemplating the use of unmanned aircraft. ICP Aviation Committee August 2012 DEFINITIONS: 1. Model Aircraft- A remote controlled aircraft used by hobbyists, which is manufactured and operated for the purposes of sport, recreation and/or competition. 2. Unmanned Aircraft (CIA) An aircraft that is intended to navigate in the air without an on-board pilot. Also called Remote Piloted Aircraft and drones. 3. AU Flight Crewmen A pilot, visual observer, payload operator or other person assigned duties for a AU for the purpose of flight. . Unmanned Aircraft Pilot- A person exercising control over an unmanned aircraft during flight. COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT: 1. Law enforcement agencies desiring to use AU should first determine how they will use this technology, including the costs and benefits to be gained. 2. The agency should then engage their community early in the planning process, including their governing body and civil liberties advocates. 3. The agency should assure the community that agency will operate the aircraft in full compliance with the mandates of the Constitution, federal, state and local law governing search and seizure. . The community should be provided an opportunity to review and comment on agency procedures as they are being drafted. Where appropriate, recommendations should be considered for adoption in the policy. 5. As with the community, the news media should be brought into the process early in its development. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS: 1. The AU should have the ability to capture flight time by individual flight and cumulative over a period of time. The ability to reset the flight time counter should be restricted to a supervisor or administrator. 2.The aircraft itself should be painted in a high visibility paint scheme. This will facilitate line of sight control by the aircraft pilot and low persons on the ground to monitor the location of the aircraft. This recommendation recognizes that in some cases where officer safety is a concern, such as high risk warrant service, high visibility may not be optimal. However, most situations of this type are conducted covertly and at night. Further, given the ability to observe a large area from an aerial vantage point, it may not be necessary to fly the aircraft directly over the target location. . Equipping the aircraft with weapons of any type is strongly discouraged. Given the current state of the technology, the ability to effectively deploy weapons from a small CIA is doubtful. Further, public acceptance of airborne use of force is likewise doubtful and could result in unnecessary community resistance to the program. 4. The use of model aircraft, modified with cameras, or other sensors, is discouraged due to concerns over reliability and safety. 2 OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES: 1. AU operations require a Certificate of Authorization (COCA) from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).A law enforcement agency contemplating the use of AU should contact the FAA early in the planning process to determine the requirements for obtaining a COCA. 2. CIA will only be operated by personnel, both lots and crew members, who have been trained and certified in the operation of the system. All agency personnel with CIA responsibilities, including command officers, will be provided training in the policies and procedures governing their use. 3. All flights will be approved by a supervisor and must be for a legitimate public safety mission, training, or demonstration purposes. 4.All flights will be documented on a form designed for that purpose and all flight time shall be accounted for on the form. The reason for the flight and name of the supervisor approving will also be documented. 5. An authorized supervisor/administrator will commented. Any changes to the flight time counter will be documented. 6. Unauthorized use off CIA will result in strict accountability. 7. Except for those instances where officer safety could be jeopardized, the agency should consider using a Reverse 911 telephone system to alert those living and working in the vicinity of aircraft operations (if such a system is available).If such a system is not available, the use of patrol car public address systems should be considered. This will not only provide a level of safety should the aircraft make an uncontrolled landing, but citizens may also be able to assist with the incident. 8. Where there are specific and articulated grounds to believe that the CIA will collect evidence of criminal wrongdoing and if the CIA will intrude upon reasonable expectations of privacy, the agency will secure a search warrant prior to conducting the flight.

Training and Development Procedures and Job Responsibilities

Question: Discuss about theTraining and Developmentfor Procedures and Job Responsibilities. Answer: Introduction It is the responsibility of the organization to provide proper training to the people who are new in the company. The main target of providing training to the new employee is to make him comfortable in the company culture as well as to the new technologies used by the company in the field of work. The study will describe about the importance of on job training in the workplace for a new employee. Techniques of Training to New Employee Training of a new employee can be of different types. In this circumstance, it can be said that training can be provided into two categories one is proper understanding of the company policies, procedures, job responsibilities, idea about company hierarchy, communication channel maintenance, etc (Tracey et al., 2014). On the other hand the second aspect of training will be provided on the basis of the technology training. The new employee will be provided training regarding the use of technologies, instruments, software, machineries, etc. for conducting the work (Sung Choi, 2014). The first phase of training will be provided by the employees associated with the human resource department of the organization. In this phase, the employee will be assessed in many ways in order to know the skills, expertise present in him as well as the nature of the employee so that appropriate methods of training will be provided to him in order to increase the ability of the new employee who will gel with the other existing employees of the organization (Karodia, Cowden Kum, 2014). The second phase of training is the technical training which will be provided by the professionals in the IT team as well as the professionals who are handling the instruments of the department in order to conduct the work. The organization must take some health and safety measures in the process of training so that the employee remains safe while using new technologies and instruments in the work (Fletcher, Alfes Robinson, 2016). Boadu et al., (2014) said that the company should perform a questioning session to the new employees so that it can decide the level of training he requires in order to perform the work as per the company regulations. Apart from that, it can be said that feedback session is important for every kind of training in the organizations. In this situation, feedback session will be introduced in the both kinds of training provided to the new employee (Ford, 2014). Feedback will help to know the problems faced by the employee in the workplace, his ideas regarding his discipline of work, the way of communication he wants to improve the training needs to him, etc. Feedback can be conducted by meeting, group discussion, online feedback form, filling questionnaires, one to one meeting with the team leader or the trainer, etc (Iqbal et al., 2014). Conclusion It can be concluded that though on job training is an expense to a company, but it helps the new employees to perform better in their designation of work while improving their skills and levels of expertise in their workplace. The feedback techniques is the most important techniques that helps in gaining an wider knowledge on the different aspects of training along with the benefits that the employee utilize after getting the on job training. References Boadu, F., Dwomo-Fokuo, E., Boakye, J. K., OwusuKwaning, C. (2014). Training and development: A tool for employee performance in the district assemblies in Ghana.International Journal of Education and Research,2(5), 513-522. Fletcher, L., Alfes, K., Robinson, D. (2016). The relationship between perceived training and development and employee retention: the mediating role of work attitudes.The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 1-28. Ford, J. K. (2014).Improving training effectiveness in work organizations. Psychology Press. Iqbal, N., Ahmad, N., Haider, Z., Hamad, N., Mir, M. S. (2014). Impact of Training and Development on the Employee Performance: A Case Study From Different Banking Sectors of North Punjab.Nigerian Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review,2(4), 19-24. Karodia, A. M., Cowden, R., Kum, F. D. (2014). The impact of training and development on employee performance: A case study of ESCON Consulting.Singaporean Journal of Business, Economics and Management Studies,3(3), 72-105. Sung, S. Y., Choi, J. N. (2014). Do organizations spend wisely on employees? Effects of training and development investments on learning and innovation in organizations.Journal of organizational behavior,35(3), 393-412. Tracey, J. B., Hinkin, T. R., Tran, T. L. B., Emigh, T., Kingra, M., Taylor, J., Thorek, D. (2015). A Field Study of New Employee Training Programs Industry Practices and Strategic Insights.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,56(4), 345-354.

Sample Paragraph Essay Analysis Of A Short Story

Sample Paragraph Essay Analysis Of A Short StoryThere are many reasons why a research project needs to analyze a sample paragraph essay and the most important one is because it will determine if the writer has a writing style appropriate for a research paper. First and foremost, it is imperative that the writer must be able to understand how to format a research project letter. This will help the writer to know how to properly identify information in order to make the proper submissions to the University.In other words, he or she must have the correct kind of knowledge about making a research project. After all, a student should not be held responsible for sending a wrong research project letter. Thus, it is important that the student of the University know about what to do so as to avoid any problems when dealing with the sample paragraph essay analysis of a short story.If a student cannot send a letter accurately, it means that the student would probably not pass out of the first y ear of study as a result of a lower than expected grade. The same is true if the student sent a poorly written research paper. These students will most likely fail the course as a result of having poor performance. Therefore, it is necessary that the student know what to do so as to avoid any mistakes when dealing with the sample paragraph essay analysis of a short story.One of the things that a student must realize when handling a research project is that it is the responsibility of the student to know the most accurate facts regarding the course. Thus, it is important that the student must be able to have enough knowledge about the course material. The fact is that most students that have not taken a class for a few years may not know enough about the course material to send a letter correctly.It is also important that the student must be aware of the fact that the research project should also be written in a way that it appears well-organized. This means that the student must als o be able to include an efficient research method in the form of an outline. The student should also be able to consider including any other method in order to get a clear overview of the topic before beginning the research.Furthermore, the sample paragraph essay analysis of a short story must be carefully considered so as to make sure that the research project does not end up a complete waste of time. For example, it is important that the student be aware of the fact that the writer must be able to clearly specify what results can be expected by using the system. Finally, the student must also be able to state whether the system has been tested and proven to work.These are just some of the points that a student must remember when analyzing the sample paragraph essay analysis of a short story. The more facts a student can check from the sample essay, the better the chance that the student will be able to send a well-formatted letter. Remember that not all students will be able to se nd a letter correctly because it is their first time.Furthermore, it is essential that a student make sure that he or she includes all the necessary information in the letter. The best solution for this is to make a detailed outline of the sample paragraph essay analysis of a short story. The student can then read over the outline and decide if there are any parts that he or she should change.

Freya Ollerearnshaw Essay Example

Freya Ollerearnshaw Essay Oppositions and Contrasts are Strikingly Common in Romeo and Juliet. Illustrate and Comment upon this Point of View in Relation to the Language, Characterisation and Action of the Play. Even in the prologue, it is apparent that Romeo and Juliet is a play of clashes and oppositions. The families of the lovers from ancient grudge break to new mutiny and the action begins with a violent conflict between the two households. We see the two doomed lovers, Romeo and Juliet, battle against their opposing families to be together. The many examples of opposition seen throughout Romeo and Juliet are constant reminders of the conflict keeping the lovers apart. These are seen in the action of the play, the views and beliefs of the characters as well as in the language itself. I am going to explore these oppositions, explain their relevance in the play and how they influence key events. We will write a custom essay sample on Freya Ollerearnshaw specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Freya Ollerearnshaw specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Freya Ollerearnshaw specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Throughout Romeo and Juliet there is an echo of the plays oppositions in the language of the characters, especially that of Romeo and Juliet, who frequently use oxymorons to describe their feelings. An oxymoron is the use of two contradictory words, used together in the same sentence, describing something to create a dramatic effect on the reader. In the case of Romeo and Juliet, oxymorons are used to intensify the emotions expressed by the two lovers. Romeo tries to describe his love for Rosaline in this way, as O brawling love, O loving hate, O anything of nothing first create, O heavy lightness, serious vanity. This love I feel, that feel no love in this. His use of oxymorons in this context shows his confusion about how he feels and how he is being torn apart when such violent affections are not being returned. Juliet also adopts this language when she finds out that Romeo has killed her cousin, raging, Did ever dragon keep so fair a cave? Beautiful tyrant, fiend angelical! Dove-feathered raven, wolfish ravening lamb! Despised substance of divinest show. In this way, Juliet is expressing her feelings of betrayal, that she never believed that Romeo could commit such an atrocity. She describes him as being seemingly beautiful and good but disguising an evil, vile person within. Juliet at this point is also in a fierce state of emotion and confusion and the oxymorons reflect this, as in Romeos speech about Rosaline. The oxymorons used in the text are an appropriate reminder of the ever-present clash of oppositions seen throughout the play. The oppositions of love and hate are strikingly vivid in the play and can be described as the most prominent in the eyes of the audience because references to these two subjects are so frequent. The story occurs in the middle of a terrible feud between two families of Verona- the house of Montague and the house of Capulet. As the audience, we are constantly reminded of the bitterness felt by the older generation and the blinding hatred and prejudice seen in Veronas youths. Examples of this are seen throughout Romeo and Juliet. When the prince breaks up a fight that has occurred between the two opposing groups he describes them as enemies to the peace and orders them to stop their pernicious rage for one another. The anger is also referred to in the prologue where it says, where civil blood makes civil hands unclean. The word civil in this statement is repeated to enforce its significance. It could be interpreted as one of three meanings. It could be referring to civil wars fought between fellow countrymen as well as the usually good and civilised people of Verona. It might also be stressing the fact that the people involved are civilians-not soldiers. Therefore this quote is telling us that the feud has provoked normally just and reasonable people to fight amongst each other, changing them into tyrants. From the depths of this intense hatred, Romeo and Juliet have fallen in love despite their feuding families. Their love for one another is so intense that it equals the hatred of their relations. Upon their first meeting they fall in love, as Romeo first glimpses Juliet at the feast he says did my heart love till now? Forswear it sight! For I neer saw true beauty till this night. When they discover that they are from opposing backgrounds, the lovers reaction is one of desperation and yet determination to be together. Romeo, upon realising the situation says my life is my foes debt, expressing the thought that his life will be devoted to his enemy because he has fallen in love with one of them. Juliets reaction is similar; my only love sprung from my only hate. Her use of opposing words in this statement love and hate reinforce in the audiences minds the strength of this opposition in the play. There is a repetition of this when Juliet later says, I must love a loathed enemy. Here the words love and loathed remind the audience once again that the oppositions of love and hate play an important role in Romeo and Juliet, shaping the future of the characters. Most of the hatred seen in the play is associated with the clash between the house of Montague and the house of Capulet. These two families are in strong opposition to each other right up until the closing scene of the play. The heads of the two families are similar to one another in their morals and beliefs- there is no one-family that is more right or good than the other. The prologue too, points this out by saying, two households, both alike in dignity. This fact however, does not prevent the two families from despising one another. There seems to be a rigid code of conduct between the family members that causes them to react to one another so violently. When Romeo arrives at the Capulet party, Tybalt recognises him and says he has insulted the honour of my kin. He then says, this is a Montague, our foe: a villain. The fact that Tybalt knows little about Romeo but has jumped straight to the conclusion that he is a villain and up to no good, souly because he is a Montague shows the total prejudice felt between the two families. This prejudice is also seen in several scenes of the play when a group of one house will be particularly difficult and provocative toward members of the other family in a deliberate attempt to cause a violent outbreak. An example of the behaviour comes as early as the first scene where two Capulet servants, Gregory and Sampson are in a public place. As they see a pair of Montagues approach, they devise a plan of action to provoke a quarrel. Gregory says I will frown as I pass by, but Sampson wishes to take it further and replies, Nay I will bit my thumb at them, which is disgrace to them as they bear it. The biting of ones thumb in Shakespearean times was seen as a highly offensive gesture. This scene reflects the typical attitudes felt by the Capulets towards the Montagues and is a demonstration of the oppositions of the two households. This fact is introduced to the audience very early on in the Romeo and Juliet and is instilled upon them throughout the play. The play also illustrates, quite subtly, the division within the households of young and old. This division is seen through the attitudes and behaviour of the characters. Both old Montague and Capulet, although they hate each other, have mellowed with age and are reluctant to cause unnecessary uproar. However, there are instances where this general rule is broken and the older generation intervenes. This is seen in Act 1 when Capulet and Montague arrive in the middle of a brawl. Montague cries, give me my long sword to his wife as he prepares to fight his enemy. Despite this, when the fight is broken up, he is interested to know who started the fight, saying who set this ancient quarrel new abroach? The tone of this statement suggests Montague does not approve of the person responsible for starting the brawl. The reluctance for the older generation to cause trouble is also brought to our attention in Act 1 scene 5 at Capulets party. When Tybalt discovers that Romeo has attended, he complains to Capulet who replies, Content thee gentle coz, let him alone, A bears him like a portly gentleman; and to say truth, Verona brags of him to be a virtuous and well-governed youth. Here, Capulet has shown that he no longer posseses the blinding hatred for Montagues of his younger relatives. He has heard Romeo to be a pleasant and good person and therefore is unwilling to make a scene by forcefully removing him from his house. The attitudes of the youths of Verona are best illustrated in Act 2 scene 1 when Mercutio refuses to move else where to escape a brawl in the likely event that the Capulets will appear. When they do, Tybalt says to the Montague group good den, a word with one of you. To this polite request, Mercutio replies with a provocative remark; And but one word with one of us? Couple it with something, make it a word and a blow. Mercutio, in referring to the blow of a sword, is challenging Tybalt to a fight without appropriate reason. Another factor which sets the two generations apart is the speed at which they live their lifes. Romeo reflects the typical youthful view that all action must be taken immediately and one must live for the moment. He demonstrates this with his intense love for Rosaline which is totally turned around upon his meeting of Juliet. Within a night of knowing her, Romeo is requesting that Friar Lawrence marry them. The Friars reaction shows us how the older generation views life at a much slower and steadier pace, being careful not to make wrong decsisions. Friar Lawrence is surprised at Romeos sudden change of heart, saying What a change is here! Is Rosaline, that thou didst love so dear, so soon forsaken? Romeo begs him that sudden haste is the only way to go about such proceedings and the Friar agrees to marry the lovers, but warns Romeo Wisely and slow, they stumble that run fast! By this Friar Lawrence means that decisions of such a permanent nature as marriage should not be entered into at such a rapid rate. He warns Romeo that his impulsive behaviour could cause things to go wrong. Romeo, however, being a giddy youth, has no time for careful and slow actions. His intense and sudden love for Juliet reflects the rapid speed at which he sees it necisary to live his life. Throughout the play, there is a great feeling of togetherness versus separation between Romeo and Juliet. These two conditions are exaggerated by the opposing atmospheres and attitudes they create within the lovers. When Romeo and Juliet are together, as in the balcony scene and the bedroom scene, they are full of positive emotions and this is reflected in their speech. For instance, When Juliet says to Romeo, Sweet, goodnight. This bud of love, by summers ripening breath, may prove a beauteous flower when next we meet, she is comparing their love to a budding flower that will blossom as they get to know each other. She sees that even though she is totally happy, there are better moments still to come. When the two are together they are full of joyful emotions and despite the many oppositions, believe they can be happy. They view all their problems as simple feats that can all be overcome if the lovers remain together. Juliet also says that she will deny thy father and refuse thy name and no longer be a Capulet so she can be with Romeo. To stand up to ones father is a daunting task and it is very difficult to detach oneself from their family but Juliet sees this as a simple feat. These emotions are completely reversed when Romeo and Juliet are forced to be apart from one another. Without hopeful prospect of their next encounter, both Romeo and Juliet transform into desperate characters. When Romeo discovers he is banished, he threatens to kill himself rather than face a life without Juliet, Sayest thou yet that exile is not death? Hast thou no poison mixed, no sharp ground knife, no sudden mean of death? All of the words Romeo uses have a morbid componant to them: poisonknifedeath , this is in contrast to all the words associated with life used when the lovers are together- the bud turning into a flower. This explain the view of both Romeo and Juliet, that their lives revolve around each other and that death would be a better option than separation. This is demonstrated at the end of Romeo and Juliet, when upon discovering Romeos dead body, Juliet describes the knife she finds beside her as a happy dagger. She sees killing herself as the only way in which she can be re-united with Romeo and therefor is not afraid or hesitant of death and looks upon it positively, using the word happy. A factor which is made apparent in the speech of Romeo and Juliet, especially when they are together is their perception of reality and their tendency to daydream rather than facing the truth. This demonstrates the opposition in Romeo and Juliet of dream and reality. An example of this is when Juliet says that she will deny her father and refuse her name, when in reality she has not the courage to stand up to her overpowering father. Romeo also says to Juliet In Act 2 scene 2 that he fears that he will discover it all to be a dream, I am afeard, being in night, all this is but a dream, too flattering-sweet to be substantial. Romeo and Juliet continue to ignore the reality of their familys feud because it would mean admitting to the impossibility of them being together. There is a great feeling throughout Romeo and Juliet that fate plays a vital and influential role in the future of the lovers. It almost seems as if Romeo and Juliet are destined to die and their fate has already been predetermined. In the prologue, Romeo and Juliet are described as star-crossed lovers and when Romeo finds out Juliet is dead in her tomb, he says he will lie to rest with her and shake the yolk of inauspicious stars. By this he is saying that he will withstand what fate has in store for him and be with Juliet despite everything. A repeat of this comes when Romeo says then I defy you stars. Romeo sees the injustice that he is doomed to be without his love and therefor is unwilling to comply with fate and defies the stars by taking his own life also so he can be with Juliet in death. However, it is not only fate that determines consequences, but the actions of people. Romeo kills Tybalt in a wild fury, that he could have controlled, yet he blames his actions yet again on the stars, saying I am fortunes fool. Romeo believes that the power of fate has tricked him and caused him to ruin his chances of happiness with Juliet, when in fact the fault lay in his uncontrollable anger. Past, present and future are perhaps the lass obvious of the oppositions in the play but have a strong influence on events and their consequences. The past is seen in Romeo and Juliet through the ancient grudge, which drives so many good people to desperate actions. It causes the death of Tybalt and Mercutio as well as the banishment and eventual death of Romeo. The quarrel is never referred to in detail, suggesting that the exact reasons for the fall out have been forgotten, leaving the households still bitterly divided for no apparent reason except for cold tradition- it is what the people of Verona are used to. Many characters in the play have their minds firmly set in the past and refuse to accept any agreement between the two families. Two characters that demonstrate this view most openly are Tybalt and Mercutio- both of who die because of it. Very few people in the play stop to consider the future and consequences of their actions before putting them into practice. Friar Lawrence is one of the exceptions. He reluctantly agrees to marry the lovers, though he has hidden motives for doing so: for this alliance may so happy prove to turn your households rancour to pure love. Friar Lawrence thought that by joining Romeo and Juliet in marriage, it would help to unite the households of Capulet and Montague, burying their quarrelsome past. However, the people of Verona are not as open-minded as Friar Lawrence and Romeo and Juliet keep their alliance a secret from their families in fear of the consequences so Capulet and Montague do not discover the truth until it is too late and the lovers are dead. There are other characters, however, who do not take into account the past, like Romeo who refuses to acknowledge the seriousness of the dispute and continues with Juliet, pretending everything will turn out fine. Romeo acts impulsively, not learning from his past actions or considering the future he is creating for himself by acting in the way he does. Like a typical youth his life revolves around the present and the immediate future. He cannot think far ahead and therefore fails to plan carefully or act rationally. Romeo and Juliet die because of their failure and the failure of those around them to look at the consequences of their actions and learn from the mistakes of the past to try and make a better future. In this sense the conflict and oppositions of Past present and future are the most important in the outcome of Romeo and Juliet.

Algae derived biofuel

Algae derived biofuel Abstract The first section of the paper focuses on a background or historical context of algae derived fuels for aviation. It was found that the technology is relatively new. Tests have been done by several aviation firms but no fleet is powered by the fuel. After coverage of developments in the sector, the advantages and limitations of the fuel source were identified.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Algae derived biofuel specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Advantages include low greenhouse emission, similarity to conventional jet fuel and no competition with food. Limitations include poor commercialization, lack of incentives and costliness. Thereafter, some recommendations were made on how to make this technology viable. They included private-public sector collaboration, improvement of the production process, government investment, sensitization of the masses and mobilization of stakeholders for standardizati on. Introduction Concerns about the rate of green house gas emissions necessitate the shift to more sustainable fuels. Algae-derived jet fuels have been suggested as possible solutions to this problem. However, most producers are still at the research phase of the product life cycle. It is, therefore, necessary to analyze the past and present trends in order to identify future possibilities. Methodology The study involved secondary research where journals, books and newspaper reports on the subject matter were collected. In this analysis the need for using the fuel was one of the topics identified. Furthermore, a historical analysis of the development of this fuel in the aviation industry was done. Thereafter, some articles were collected on adoption of the fuel in various industries presently. The disadvantages and advantages of the fuel were examined. Finally, an analysis of findings was done in order to make a forecast on future developments. Findings Historical context The aviat ion industry is one of heaviest sources of pollution in the world. Statistics indicate that for every fifty units of greenhouse gas generated on the earth, one unit will come from the aviation sector. This number may increase to 1.5 units in the next half a century. Consequently, sustainable and effective ways of dealing with this high carbon footprint are necessary.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Numerous scientists have already responded to this need through a myriad of innovations. Some of them have suggested the use of biodiesel, but its propensity to solidify in cold conditions makes it untenable (Shirvani et al. 2011). Others have suggested the use of FT SPK, which involves the use of solid biomass to generate oil through a process known as pyrolysis. The product is then transformed into the synthetic paraffinic form of kerosene that is used in ai rplanes. The major problem with this approach is that it is quite resource consuming. Firms also have the option of using oil from algae in order to create synthetic kerosene through a process of hydro processing (Agricultural Research and Cooperative Extension 2012). The latter approach is the focus of the paper. Algae-derived fuels have gained popularity in the late 2000s. However, most research on them started in the 1990s. During the year 2008, several aviation stakeholders such as the Boeing, Virgin Atlantic, and Air New Zealand formed the Algal Biomass Organization. In January 2009, Continental Airlines tested the first commercial jet using a blend of algae-derived fuels. At the time, a 50-50 combination of the conventional fuel and algae biofuel was used (Kyriakos 2012). In July 2010, the first plane to be powered by 100% algae-derived biofuel was flown by Airbus maker-EADS. The demonstration was done in Berlin and then England. It was found that the fuel was more efficient t han the conventional ones. About fifty percent less fuel was needed compared to a petroleum-derived fuel. Even the unwanted emissions were drastically reduced. The company estimated that eight times as much greenhouse gases are produced by conventionally-powered aircrafts. In September 2010, Exelon Corporation worked on a new method of algae production that could be sustained even during cold temperatures. In June 2011, Honeywell, which specializes in the production of jet fuel from algae, tested a Gulftstream jet using a blend of the algae fuel as well as petrol in an equal ratio. The aircraft belonged to the US military and thus demonstrated that this government had faith in the possibilities of the fuel. Even the Navy in the US powered a helicopter for the first time with a blend of algae biofuel. It was reported that the aircraft was just as efficient as a conventionally-powered aircraft (Goldenberg 2010|). During the month of October, an organization known as Pond Biofeuls Inc. found a way of growing algae from cement plant emissions. However, the quantities were still minimal in number.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Algae derived biofuel specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In November 2011, another Aircraft departed from a city in the US (Houston) to another – Chicago. In the first month of 2012, an organization known as VG Energy discovered a new method of producing algae that could increase the amount of oil that it produces by 700%. Current uses (benefits and limitations) The most promising aspect of algae-derived biofuel is their environmental sustainability. Aviation companies that belong to sustainability associations often have to follow certain criteria before adopting a fuel as an alternative. The source of the fuel should not cause pressure in food production. Oils derived from corn or other food products are deemed unsustainable because they lead to competition between humans who need the seed for food and those who want to make fuel out of it (Scott et al. 2010). Algae-derived fuels do not threaten food production because human beings do not eat algae. In addition to competition for food, the plant source of the biofuel ought not to use up land for farming. If a plant needs to be grown in the same way as other food crops, then it may use up a lot of land and prompt residents to practice deforestation. Once again, algae-derived biofuels do not have this quality because they are not grown on land. Most of them can be cultivated in salty water or even polluted water, yet they can yield as much as two hundred percent more oil than soybeans. Therefore, they will not cause depletion of natural resources like forests or water. Lastly, sustainable fuel should not lead to high amounts of carbon emissions in the air. The carbon lifecycle of the product needs to reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosphere; otherwise, the fuel would not be environmenta l friendly. This trait is quite true for the fuels from algae; it minimizes the availability of greenhouse gases by 50% (MIT 2012). In order to use a substance as a sustainable fuel, it must possess certain chemical characteristics that make it suitable for this purpose. The chemical composition of the product should allow it to be mixed with normal fuel for use. Jet fuel ought to have high tolerance for extremely hot and cold weather; this is true for algae-derived fuels.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More That requirement means that automotive derived alternatives cannot be suitable for aviation. The algae-derived fuels clearly fit this description. The sustainable fuels also need to be similar to conventional jet fuels in order to minimize the need for aircraft adaptation of the engines, which is another quality that the fuel under analysis possesses. Despite these tests, even on commercial airlines, most companies are yet to treat algae-derived biofuel as a reliable source of fuel. In fact, most research organizations are still working on ways of producing the algae at a large scale. Most organizations working on the technology are in educational or research institutions. The University of London and Cambridge are some of the many institutions researching on sustainable mechanisms for producing algae. Therefore, the reliability of the fuel is still questionable. For effective use of the technology, aviation companies need to take advantage of incentives offered for use of an altern ative fuel. Currently, some governments have given their aviation companies reprieve by providing incentives. In the United States, the government has passed a law that allows aviation firms to buy alternative fuels, including algae-derived ones, at fair prices. These benefits are accorded to members of the Renewable Fuel Standard group. However, several other countries do not possess such incentives thus making it difficult to try out algae fuels (Hartman 2008). The nature of business is also minimizing the adoption of this fuel commercially. Using biofuels in aircrafts is an expensive practice because one has to pay more per unit of fuel consumed. These high prices have dampened demand for the product. Investors, in turn, have avoided the product because it may be considered as a high-risk venture. Furthermore, whenever a technology is in its early stages of discovery, many investors tend to refrain from it until it picks up. Government bodies can come in and provide incentives fo r the use of the product. However, because only a small portion of these subsidies and deductions exist in aviation, then adoption of the technology may take long (Yang et al. 2010). Discussion Politics will play a large role in the adoption and use of algae-derived biofuels. The international business environment is not suitable for the use of these fuels unless governments step in and change the way things are done. Governments can collaborate with other sustainably oriented countries in order to create standards for the use of algae-derived fuels. The European Union has already started working on this aspect. Other countries, including Australia need to follow suit; otherwise, the adoption of the technology will continue to take too long. Additionally, governments can create incentives for the use of these fuels, and that would encourage more companies to use it. Governments also have the power to invest in this emerging technology. They can empower businesses who may want to sta rt with demonstration plants. Governments should try as much possible to treat algae-derived biofeuls as other fuels used on land transport. That would imply that the product is being taken seriously. People would invest in it and thus develop it. As the case is now, people still think of the technology as a reserve for wealthy aviation firms with extra amounts of money to spare (Greenwell 2010). Conventional jet fuel is sourced from firms that have well established production facilities. Since these companies have been in the industry for so long, they often take advantage of economies of scale and thus make their products affordable. Furthermore, they are easily accessible to aviation firms because they have an expansive distribution network. However, this is not true for algae-derived products. Few companies have large production facilities that can accommodate an increase in demand. Additionally, these organizations do not have a vast distribution network thus making it difficul t for customers to rely on their prompt response when in need of fuel. In order to match current demand levels of conventional jet fuels, companies should invest as much as $15 billion dollars in the new technology. Clearly, this is a large sum of money and few companies are yet to make such a commitment. Few partnerships exist between the government and public sector thus implying that all the opportunities available for the development of this technology are not being exploited fully (Teixera 2012). Conclusion Algae- derived jet fuels are quite promising because they provide an answer to most of the problems created by other biomass derived products. Not only are there no threats to food security or land resources from algae, but it easily blends with conventional fuels thus eliminating the need to change aircraft parts before use. However, the major problem with this fuel is that it is still in its early stages of development. No company has a distribution network that can sustai n the commercial production of the same. Few government incentives exist to encourage investment in the technology. Additionally, stakeholders are not cooperating or sharing resources in order to make the development even more promising. Unless these flaws are corrected, then prospects for commercialization of algae-derived jet fuels still remain slim. Recommendations The first approach that companies need to embrace is research and development. More should be done in order to ensure that commercialization of the fuel occurs. Firms have already discovered effective sources of algae feed stocks. Now they need to work on the refining process so as to convert it into a large scale endeavor. Since algae-derived fuels are new technologies, then governments should try to reduce risks in investing in this sector through public-private sector collaborations. There is a need for incentives that would encourage airlines to use the product. Investments and collaborations should be done in orde r to encourage creation of a clear network. Countries should mobilize other nations and convince them to join algae sustainability groups. This would cause them to commit to certain standards and thus develop the sector. Lastly, stakeholders ought to be empowered about the importance of algae-derived jet fuels. If they can understand the groundbreaking advantages that emanate from the technology, then they may become participants in its development. References Agricultural Research and Cooperative Extension 2012, ‘Renewable and alternative energy fact sheet’, Pennsylvania State College of Agricultural Science, 7 March, pp. 15-22. Goldenberg, S 2010, ‘Algae to solve the Pentagon’s problem of jet fuel’, The Guardian, 13 February, pp 8. Greenwell, M 2010, ‘Placing microalgae on the biofuels priority list: A review of the technological challenges’, Interface, vol. 7 no. 46, pp. 703-726. Hartman, E 2008, ‘A promising oil alternative: Al gae energy’, The Washington Post, 6 January, pp. 5. Kyriakos, M 2012, ‘High biofuel blends in aviation’, Official Journal of the European Union, no. S111, pp. 5. MIT 2012, Technical report: near term feasibility of alternative jet fuels, RAND, Massachusetts. Scott, S, Davey, M, Dennis, J, Howe, C, Horst, I, Smith, A, Lea-Smith, D 2010, ‘Biodiesel from Algae: challenges and prospects’, Current Opinions in Biotechnology, vol. 21 no. 3, pp 277-286. Shirvani, T, Yan, X, Inderwildi, O, Edwards, P King, D 2011, ‘Life cycle energy and greenhouse gas analysis for algae-derived biodiesel’, Energy and Environmental Science, vol. 4 no. 10, pp 377. Teixera, R 2012, ‘Energy efficient extraction of fuel and chemical feed stocks from algae’, Green Chemistry, vol. 14 no.2, pp. 419-427. Yang, J, Ming, X, Zhang, X, Qiang, H, Sommerfeld, M Chen, Y 2010, ‘Life cycle analysis on biodiesel production from microalgae’, Bioresources Technology, vol. 10, pp 1016.